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A representation that stands for its |
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object by virtue of a resemblance to it. |
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Hutchins et al., 1986 |
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Icons: |
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provide a way to |
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execute online |
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functions and actions. |
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Buttons: |
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provide consistent |
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orientation to |
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navigate. |
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Designed by non-existent standards |
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Designed from personal point of view |
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Used for different purposes |
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Used in different places |
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Interactive |
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Objects |
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Pointers |
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Controls |
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Tools |
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Non-interactive |
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Status indicators |
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Reduce your translation costs |
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Improve comprehension and orientation for
international visitors consequently reducing call and e-mail volumes to
your customer service centers |
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Enhance your Web site’s look by presenting a
unified, standard look in all your markets |
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Improve customer loyalty in international
markets |
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Consider cultural differences such as … |
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Value associations (for example, reading and
hierarchy directions) |
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Standards for date, time, currency, and other
measurement formats |
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Color associations |
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Punctuation marks, acronyms, idioms, etc. |
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Gestures and body language |
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The depiction of mythological and religious
symbols or animals |
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Consider technical and formatting differences
such as… |
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Printing compatibility (for example, A4 vs.
8.5”x11” size paper) |
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Internet access speed and download capabilities
for graphic files |
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Text expansion (length and height) |
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Mobility compatibility (download to PDAs, cell
phones and other wireless devices) |
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“...ignorance of foreign languages and cultures
cost US companies over fifty billion dollars a year in lost sales.” |
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US State Department |
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Office of Language Services |
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Notes